Accumulators used in hydraulic systems are typically of the hydro-pneumatic type. These accumulators have a gas side and a hydraulic fluid side which exert pressure on each other. Hydraulic fluid is nearly uncompressable, with a reduction in volume of less than 2% for 5000 PSI pressure. Gas, on the other hand, can be compressed into small volumes at high pressures, storing energy which can be released upon demand.

Benefits of an accumulator

Absorbs shock - In many hydraulic systems, severe shock waves are generated when a load stops suddenly, causing potential damage to equipment and harm to the operator. An accumulator can absorb this shock.

Supplements pump flow - The accumulator stores energy during idle periods of the work cycle, which can supplement the output from the pump during peak loads. With an accumulator, the system can use a much smaller pump reducing cost, size requirements, and energy consumption.

Smooths pulsations - Many pumps deliver power in a pulsating flow, which can be cushioned by an accumulator. Shocks generated by the sudden starting and stopping of hydraulic actuators can also be greatly reduced, if not eliminated entirely.

Maintaining pressure - Pressure changes may occur as a result of temperature changes, leakage, or other factors. An accumulator can compensate for these factors, and provide auxiliary power if the main power source fails.

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